Dry, itchy skin are the main characteristics of atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory condition that affects about 20% of children in their first year of life, according to the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology (ASBAI). This noncontagious condition usually appears during the first year of life and remains severe until the age of five, with periods of improvement and worsening. In children and infants, atopic dermatitis typically occurs on the elbows, face, or knees, and possibly in other areas of the body. In older children, the lesions are located in the body\u2019s folds, such as the neck, elbows, behind the knees, hands, and ankles. These areas are drier, darker, and thicker, and in more severe cases, the condition can affect a large part of the body.<\/p>\n
Atopic dermatitis has a genetic origin; in other words, it is not transmitted by contact, however, because it is a chronic condition, various factors can trigger spontaneous flare-ups, such as perfumed products, wool and synthetic fabrics, long hot baths, emotional stress, environmental pollution, temperature changes, certain foods, and infections.<\/p>\n
The exact cause of the disease is still unknown, but doctors believe that a combination of dry, irritable skin and a malfunction in the body\u2019s immune system is among the most likely causes. However, dry skin itself, on its own, causes itching. When a child scratches, this allows irritants to enter the skin, which can trigger new flare-ups or even worsen pre-existing lesions. This cycle of itching, lesions, and more itching is often prolonged and impairs children\u2019s quality of life, leading to sleep disturbances and irritability.<\/p>\n
The skin of people with atopic dermatitis is always very dry, so it\u2019s important to take certain precautions while bathing to reduce dryness\u2014such as avoiding the use of soaps, loofahs, and very hot water. Daily use of body moisturizers to manage atopic dermatitis is essential for relieving symptoms and reducing the frequency of flare-ups. In addition, keeping the environment clean and well-ventilated contributes to effective treatment.<\/p>\n
Once you recognize the signs, it is essential to see a dermatologist to begin the appropriate treatment. To prevent potential flare-ups, we\u2019ve put together some tips that may help:<\/p>\n
. Showers should be quick and limited to once a day, as excessive showering can strip the skin of its natural moisture.<\/p>\n